How can a more inclusive mode of community governance be developed?
如何打造更具包容性的社区治理模式？

In tandem with progress and development of urban China, community governance has entered a new phase. The conventional mode of community governance relies primarily on two branches of local government: subdistrict offices and neighborhood committees. The mode, however, has been marked by lack of efficiency and effectiveness as well as by the absence of residents’ self-governance. Against this backdrop, innovation in community governance mode requires exploring how to incorporate residents into governance of their communities. This case presents a new mode of this type. It is derived from Guilongyuan Compound of Tangqiaojiedao of Pudongxinqu District in Shanghai City.
随着时代的发展和社会的进步，社区治理也逐渐面临新的局面。社区事务细腻而繁杂，其主要依靠社区居委和街道办事处统一治理的方法在解决效率和效果上收效甚微，社区居民在自我治理上的缺位导致社区治理面临困境。在这种情况下，互助型社区治理模式对公民治理的公共精神、社区治理的包容精神和二者在公共利益指导下的互助都提出了要求。

The Compound has attempted to develop its residents into governing subjects by engaging them in three collective self-help groups. The first is that of “Dailaoshiyishiting” (or “Hall of Teacher Dai” in English) which aims at addressing local affairs. The second is that of “Wenxinlianxiandian” (or “Friendly Connections” in English) which focuses on discovering residents’ gifts and encouraging them to serve one another with their gifts. The third is that of “Wenhuahuiketing” (or “Culture Hall” in English) which serves as a public space in which residents can learn, relax, and build social networks.
上海市浦东新区塘桥街道的贵龙园社区在拓展小区管理主体上积极搭台、在化解小区事务难题上及时回应、在营造小区公共文化氛围上主动引领，推动居民区自治更上新水平、再上新台阶。充分挖掘居民资源，因势利导，组建了“戴老师议事厅”、“温馨连线点”、“文化会客厅”等多个居民自助团体。“戴老师议事厅”将提升社区生活品质、解决社区事务、服务社区居民作为自己的服务目标和宗旨；“温馨连线点”围绕“以邻里互助为根本，以热情参与为动力，以自我发展为方向”的目标，坚持“居民能做的由居民做”的原则，充分挖掘社区有专长的生活服务志愿者，开展各项社区便民服务活动。“文化会客厅”不仅让社区居民有了一个娱乐休闲、学习提升的好去处，而且还成为贵龙园社群网络的编织站、公共领域的活动室。

Three inter-related lessons about innovation in community governance mode can be learned from this case. First, residents need to be conceived of as citizens. From this perspective, they are not merely the objects of governance, but more importantly, the subjects of governance. Second, local communities need to welcome and facilitate residents’ participation in community governance. The community needs to provide resources and share information with residents so that a more inclusive understanding of community governance can be fostered in people’s minds. Third, the government needs to facilitate residents to self-govern their communities. This can be done particularly by government’s perceiving itself as a collaborator in community governance and delegating more power to residents.
在社区治理的实践中考虑治理模式的创新要着重以下三点：第一，公民在社区治理中扮演者多重身份，既是社区治理的服务对象，又是社区治理参与的主要角色。提倡公民角色回归可以重塑公民精神、让公民自发参与社区治理；第二，社区包容公民治理。一方面，社区要为公民治理提供资源，实现信息共享；另一方面，社区需要创新治理理念，梳理新公共服务的价值观，鼓励多元主体治理社区。第三，政府发挥培育职能。在基层社区治理中，政府应当扭转传统的管理思维摒弃“事事包办”的影响，鼓励治理主体多元化，考虑公民的诉求，主要发挥引导作用，对社区适当放权。